This is commonly accomplished through some sort of standardized electrical connector, several of these forming the expansion bus or local bus. It is possible to allow peripherals to communicate with memory in the same fashion, attaching adaptors in the form of expansion cards directly to the system bus. The bus connecting the CPU and memory is one of the defining characteristics of the system, and often referred to simply as the system bus. In most cases, the CPU and memory share signalling characteristics and operate in synchrony. A microprocessor conventionally is a single chip which has a number of electrical connections on its pins that can be used to select an 'address' in the main memory and another set of pins to read and write the data stored at that location.

In most traditional computer architectures, the CPU and main memory tend to be tightly coupled. In both examples, computer buses of one form or another move data between all of these devices. A modern system might have a multi-core CPU, DDR4 SDRAM for memory, a solid-state drive for secondary storage, a graphics card and LCD as a display system, a mouse and keyboard for interaction, and a Wi-Fi connection for networking. I/O ( input/output) devices as peripherals that communicate with the outside world.Īn early computer might contain a hand-wired CPU of vacuum tubes, a magnetic drum for main memory, and a punch tape and printer for reading and writing data respectively.The memory that holds the programs and data to be processed, and.The central processing unit (CPU) that processes data,.8 Examples of internal/external computer busesĬomputer systems generally consist of three main parts:.

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